Refrigerator



Jim. 27. 1925.

R. SPEIDEL REFRIGERATOR Filed May 15, 1922 2 She'cs-Sheet 1 IEBllllllllllllllllllll IIA.M1|IJ 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 [nvenaf 'ROBEPT' SPF/DELRf sPElD'EL:

REFRIGERATOR Jan. 27, 3925.

Filed May 15. 1922 Patented Jan. 27, 1925.

UNET-ED 'STATES PATENTE iszisea vFsFiEl.

nnrniennn'roe.

Application rledtay 15, 1922.

To all whom t may V.conce/fa:

Be it known that I7 ROBERT SPEIDEL, a citizen of Germany, residingatGalmbach, near I/Vildbad, Germany, havelinventedha certain new anduseful Refrigerator; and I do hereby declare the followingV to Abe afuil, clear, and exact description of the invention, of Vwhich thefollowing is a specication.

The known ice boxes and cold:storage rooms have the disadvantage thatthe goods stored therein suchY as meat and nutriments commence in manycases after .aperiod of 24 hours to assume abad appearance and anunpleasant smell and alsoto decompose. This is caused by insufcientairing. The air is ydirectly admitted through a small number of littleholes. A suficient airing is not possible with the direct air supply, asin such a case the .temperature in the 'interior of the ice boX wouldbecome too high and the ice would melt-.too quickly. Further with thedirect air supply the'bacteria musing decay get to the nutriments so.1that preserving for a longer period `1s not possible.

yThe object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeratorwhichwill be characterized vby a small consumption of ice and in whichthe goods to be preservedv can be kept vfresh for. weeks eveninmidsummer.

According to the inventionj this object is achieved by admitting totlthespace fori stor ingl thegoods lsu'licient `quantities of fresh airwhich has kbeen previously i cooled. Preferably the admission of airis:effected by means of a cooled air 'ilteiz `With a refrigeratorof thischaracter provisions have been made for a sufficient'airing of 'thegoods and the 'decay-producing bacteria can4 be retained in the-'filterso that they cannot reach the meat or the like. fIn addition thereto therefrigerator has the advantage of being economic,` as the consumption ofice is small even in hot climates and is a'fraction of the amountheretofore required fort-his purpose and it insures/the presence offresh airfreefroin germs.

The refrigerator is characterized ,byl the following advantages 1. Thekeeping of the goods such as meat and the like for weeks.

2. The preserving of the goods Vwithout loss of weight, nutrition andtaste and thus has the advantage of being very economic.

Serial No. 561,074.

3. A drying Yof the goods,-.as, for.instance,4

when admitting cold drying `air land=the loss of weight which.rmeansaf-loss offmoney cannot occur with the refrigerator.

4. A preserving .of .the meat .or thellike for a considerable periodrequired heretofore a storingin the cold storage. roomat temperaturesfbelow 0 degree centigrade. This was-.followed by apgreat losa-oftheamount of albuminf-the most precious nutri ment which coagulates whenfreezing.

This great disadvantage is avoided :with the present process even whenstoring. the

goods for weeks, as the goodsbiougl1t=-into` the cold storage roomsaref-onlykept Kcool and not frozen lwithout beingisubjectegd; to

any decomposition.

In the accompanying drawing inwhich one mode yof constructionofthecool-ing reservoirfor carrying` outfthe new process is illustrated byway ofexanrple.- f

the like or alternately with.v layers ofnleather card board Z1 andlayers of felt orsimilar materiall o. The inner surface` of; .thel'walls iscovered with sheet iron .d (Fig. .5).

In theinterior of the wooden CasingT is a second casing o of sheetiron.The lid f of this casing can be made after; thestyle of an arch as it isintended tov carrythe ice. Theside walls of thel casingareprovided withribs ruiming horizon-tallyand strengthened by means `of iron rods, ghav-Y ing recesses and aT-shaped crosssection andru1 ining vertically. 'Theribshave a triangular cross section as may be seenffrom Fig. 5, in whichcase the upper surface of the-ribs -runs horizontally. fTlicfribssei-vea double purpose, `first `for increasin-gfthe cool-ing surfaceand-*second .foi-inserting traysfor instance of sheetinetaljfor thegoods, which trays are provided with openings (holes, slots or the like)in order to enable the air to passall around the goods.

Above the bottom e' of the ice bonr sup porting ledges 7a are arrangedfor carrying a frame Z. Above the supporting ledges extends the sheetmetal lining CZ. The frame Z, for making a tight fitting is providedwith a cha-mfered outer surface matc'o ing the supporting ledges 7ccovered with a packing material such as rubber or cork plates m. To theunder surface of the frame Z a wire netting n is fastened. The wirenetting is bordered with a "tl-shaped and bent meta-l strip o, to whichflat metal i strip 29 hasA been soldered. The metal strip "insulatingmaterial fr.

p is nailed to the under surface of the frame Z or screwed thereto. Itserves at the same time for fastening the lower end of the rubberpacking m. The upper end of the rubber packing m` is held by means ofthe metal strip g.

On the wire netting n is placed a porousln this case preicrably woodshavings are used, as they arel cheap and very suitalile for the presentpurpose. The wood shavings may be saturated with an odourless andgerm-killing substance. Above the insulating material second wirenetting s is arranged which is covered by a grate t. The wire nettin shold the insulating material together witlroutobstructing the passing ofthe air, 'llhe grate t Consists preferably of perforated sheet iron. ltis together with the wire netting s connected to an auxiliary frame el.which preferably has an angular cross section and which fits accuratelyinto the main frame Z. The size of the grate t has been so chosen thatit covers the joint between the frame Z and the supporting ledges fr.rthe rim of the grate t has no perfor-ations. ln order to permit an easyremoval of the grate t it is fitted with rings r. ln order to hold thegrate in its position clamping` ymeans or the like can be arranged onthe' ledges Zr.

The bottom z' of the boX is provided with openings fw. rlhese arepreferably arranged` in such a manner that every one of the openings ilies vertically beneath a hole of the grate t.

Underneath the bottom e' of the ice bott is arranged a flat open vessely preferablyr of sheet iron for catching the ice water passthrough theopenings to. The vessel 1/ is removably supported on ledges e preferablyarranged on an incline so that the accumulated Water can be drained atthe front end into another vessel.

At the upper end of the inner casing c, f one or more devices arearranged for the passage of air. These consist also chiefly rf a porousinsulating material arranged between two wire nettings. For holding and'the insulating material l have shown in the drawings a tray 1 which ismade `tight with reference to the outer wall a, of the box by means of aflanged packing ring 2. To the inner wall e the tray is fastened fromthe inside by means of a flange 3. The fastening is preferably effectedby means of soldering. In the interior of the tray close to the end a.ring l of angular cross section is fastened preferably by soldering.This ring supports a wire netting 5 bordered by a Ll-shaped bent sheetiron ring 6. The ring 6 is by means of a perforated lid 7 pressedagainst the ring fl. The ring 6 is fastened to the flange 3 preferablyby soldering.

luto the outer Vend of the 4tray 1 a ring having a Z-shaped crosssection is placed. The outer flange 8 of this ring exerts a pressure onthe flange of the packing 2. Against the inner flange 9 bears the outerwire netting 10 which is also bordered by a lJ-shaped bent sheet ironring 11. 'lhe sheet iron ring 11 is held by means of lhe perforated lid12 which is screwed to the outer wall a. Above the lid 12 a further lid13 is arranged which serves for a partial or full closing of theopenings of the lid 12 in order to be able to regulate at will thecirculation of the air.

rllie porous insulating material 14 is arranged between thc two wirenetting-s and 10.

Above the tray 1 a perforated sheet iron 15 is resting on correspondingledges 16 and i7. lt can be 'fastened on the one side by means ofhinges. The sheet iron 15 serves as a protection for the tray 1 that itcan not become dama-ged by pieces of ice while at t-he same timeitcarries a portion of the upper ice masses.

rlhe insulating material of the bottom need not all be porous. A seriesof single tubes or the like can be placed into the bottom which in asimilar manner as the trays 1 receive the air filter.

AThe cooling box acts in the following manner:

lf the box be used, the bottom part above the grate t is filled with iceand in the same manner ice is placed on top of thc lid f. At first theair and the goods within the bof: have the temperature of theatmosphere. In consequence of the ice having been placed within the bor;thel temperature falls very rapidly. The air therefore contracts andthrough the upper air filter 14 air is drawn in from the outside. Adownwardly directed air current is thereby produced within the bor. Theair flows out at the bottom end through the filter r. Through thisfilter the water also passes out.

The air filter 14 is cooled by the water from the ice on top of the lidfso that always only cooled air can enter the interior Iii of the iceboX. The bacteria containedin the an' and which. could' cause aideoaylnglof the goods stored in the ice box are retained by the filter andprevented from passing into the interior of the refrigerator.

From time to time the filter masses especially those'of the bottom lterr must be renewed which can vbe easily and quickly effected.

Experiments have proved that with4 the use of the new refrigerator, meatcan be kept fresh in mid summer for a period of from 3 to 4 weekswithout loss of weight or albumin.

The upper layer of ice may under certain circumstances be omitted. Y

The invention is not only suitable for stationary cooling installationsbut it can also be applied with advantage to railway carriages, shipsand the like.

I claim as my invention:

1. A refrigerator consisting of a vessel fitted on the upper and on thelower end withv ice cooled filters to maintain a uniform temperature inthe vessel, the filte1 masses being held between porous and resistableplates, the plates of the lower filter being carried by a frame arrangedin a tight manner above the bottom of the vessel, the upper' porousplate of said lower filter being covered by a grate for conducting theice water, the grate consisting of perforated sheet metal, theunperforated rim-parts of said sheet metal covering the joints betweenthe frame and its supportingledges.

2. A refrigerator consisting of a vessel fitted on the upper and thelower end with cooled filters, the filter masses being held between twoporous and resistable plates,y

the upper porous plate of the lower filter being fastened together witha grate arranged above said plate to an auxiliary frame which isremovably inserted into the main frame.

3. A refrigerator consisting of a vessel fitted on the upper and thelower end with cooled filters, the filter masses being held between twoporous and resistable plates, the porous and resistable plates of theupper filter being arranged on the ends of a tray extending between theinner sheet metal cover of the boX and the outer wall, the l(ray beingtightened with regard to the outer wall by means of a flanged packingring and being fastened from the inside to the inner wall by means of aflange.

A refrigerator consisting of a vessel fitted on the upper and the lowerend with cooled filters, the filter masses being held between two porousand resistable plates, the porous and resistable plates of the upperfilter being arranged on the ends of a tray extending between the innersheet metal cover of the box and the outer wall, the inner porous andresistable plate being borderedl with a U.-s haped bent ,sheet Imetalstrip vand being held .between a ring fastened to ythe'tray andaperforated lidfixed to the fla-nge of the tray.

A refrigerator consisting of,a vessel fitted onr thel upper and,thelower endaw-ith cooledfilters, thevfilter masses beingfheldbetweentwo porous :and resistable plates, the vporous and resistableplatesof the upper filter being arranged on the ends of a tray extendingbetween the inner sheet metal coverofi-the bozrand the outer wall, theouter porous and resistable plate being. bordered with a sheet metalring and l.being held between a perforated sheet of iron .detachablyfastened Ato the outer wall and a ring of, a Z-shaped cross section, theouter flangegof said Z-shaped ring resting on the flangeA of the packingring.

6. A refrigerator consisting of a vessel fitted on the upper and thelower end with cooled filters, the filter masses being held between twoporous and resistable plates, the porous and resistable plates of theupper filter being arranged on the ends of ar tray extending between theinner sheet metal cover of the boX and the outer wall, a perforatedsheet metal plate being arranged above the plate for protecting it.

7. A refrigerator for preserving nutriments and other goods, consistingof a vessel fitted on the upper end and on the lower end with ice cooledfilters, the bottom of the vessel being perforated and the lower filterresting on the perforated bottom with ice on the lower filter wherebythe ice at the lower end of the vessel co-acts with the ice in the upperportion of the vessel to maintain a uniform temperature and therebyprevent the entry of and ascendency of warm air upwardly into the vesselthrough the perforated bottom to counteract the downward current of airand whereby the constant downward current of air through the vessel ismaintained and the ice maintained out of contact with warm air.V

8. A refrigerator for preserving nutriments and other goods, consistingof a vessel fitted on the upper end and on the lower end with ice cooledfilters, the bottom of the vessel being perforated and the lower filterresting on the perforated bottom with ice on the lower filter wherebythe ice at the lower end of the vessel co-acts with the ice in the upperportion of the vessel to maintain a uniform temperature and therebyprevent the entry of and ascendency of warm air upwardly into the Vesselthrough the perforated bottom to counteract the downward current of airand whereby the constant downward current of air through the vessel ismaintained, said filters being impregnated with an odorless and germkilling substance whereby to prevent entry of germs into the vessel uponmelting of the ice and consequent lowering of temperature in the vesseland to prevent dis- Charge of air contaminated with the odor of thenutriments.

9. A refrigerator for preserving nutriments and other goods Comprising aoontainer having a perforated bottom and fitted at its upper end With anice cooled filter Iand having on its bottom an ice cooled filter, theupper filter being ooo-led by Water dropping from ice in the upperportion of the container supported above the filter, a grate on thelower filter on which ice is supported in the lower portion of theoontainer, the ioe at the bottom of the Container preventing entry ofWarm air through the perforated bottom and providing for a uniformtemperature Within the container and thereby preventing hindrance to thedoWn Ward Current of cooled air from the top to and through theperforated bottom of the container and whereby a constant downward.

current of air through the Container is main tained, said filters beingimpregnated with an odorless and germ killing substance whereby toprevent entry of germs into the container upon melting of the ice andconsequent lowering of temperature in the Container and to lpreventdischarge of air oontaminated with the odor of nutriments.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this speoilioation in thepresence of two subscribing Witnesses.

ROBERT SPEDEL. [ns] lVitnesses:

BERT. A. BRAUN, [Ls] OTTO WAGNER. [n s]

